AGRESIVITAS PADA ANAK DENGAN GANGGUAN SPEKTRUM AUTISME: REVIEW LITERATUR TENTANG FAKTOR PEMICU DAN STRATEGI PENANGANAN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71282/jurmie.v3i7.2440Keywords:
Autism Spectrum Disorder, agresivitas, intervensi, ABA, SLRAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi agresivitas pada anak dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) serta mengevaluasi strategi intervensi yang dapat diterapkan oleh orang tua, pendidik, dan profesional. Metode yang digunakan adalah Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pendekatan PRISMA untuk menyeleksi artikel ilmiah yang relevan dalam rentang waktu 2015–2025. Dari 507 artikel yang diperoleh melalui Google Scholar, 15 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dievaluasi secara mendalam. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa faktor internal seperti gangguan tidur, kecemasan, disfungsi eksekutif, dan kesulitan dalam ekspresi emosi, serta faktor eksternal seperti pola konsumsi makanan dan minimnya keterlibatan orang tua, berkontribusi signifikan terhadap munculnya agresivitas. Strategi intervensi yang ditemukan meliputi terapi perilaku seperti Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), terapi berbasis teknologi seperti Virtual Reality (VR), dan pendekatan psikologis seperti Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) dan Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT). Penggunaan farmakoterapi direkomendasikan hanya dalam kondisi tertentu dengan pengawasan ketat. Studi ini menegaskan pentingnya pendekatan multidisipliner dan intervensi yang berbasis pada pemahaman kebutuhan individu anak ASD.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Salsabila Az-Zahra Rizal, Hanik Faizatul Mahbubah, Varadina Dwi Murti, Hanifa Laura Dalimunthe (Author)
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