PELAKSANAAN METODE BANDONGAN DALAM PEMBELAJARAN KITAB KUNING: STUDI KASUS DI PONDOK PESANTREN ENTREPRENEUR AR-RIDWAN WONOSOBO

Abstract

Bandongan is one of the distinctive methods used in pesantren to teach classical Islamic texts (kitab kuning). However, the implementation in pesantren that integrate Qur’an memorization, diniyah studies, and entrepreneurship remain limited. This study describes the implementation of bandongan, its strengths and limitations, and the forms of assessment and adaptation at Pondok Pesantren Entrepreneur Ar-Ridwan in Wonosobo. It uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case-study design. Data were collected through observation of one teaching session, interviews with one kiai (teacher), one student, and one pesantren administrator, and document review. The data were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña model. The findings show that bandongan is conducted as a class-based session in the mosque attended by approximately 450 students. The teacher reads the text in Javanese and explains it in Indonesian, while students record meanings in pegon script and add footnotes. According to the informants, the method accommodates large groups and allows material to be delivered consistently, systematically, and in sequence. Its limitations include the lack of a tool to measure comprehension, students’ difficulties with pegon and Arabic grammar (nahwu-sharaf), and limited participation unless the teacher asks questions. Checking students’ books during the examination mainly verifies attendance rather than comprehension. The identification in this study is primarily the teacher digital texts usage. The findings suggest that bandongan could be complemented by formative assessment and more opportunities for student participation while retaining its distinctive character.